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| c. 600 |
| | | Ritual intoning of the psalms, derived from Jewish synagogues, is formalized in Christian worship as Gregorian chant | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | Polyphony brings new complexity of interweaving vocal lines, in the choral singing of abbey or cathedral | |
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| c. 1320 |
| | | Philippe de Vitry, in his Ars Nova ('New Art'), lays out the basis of musical notation | |
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| c. 1397 |
| | | The keyboard of the organ is adapted in Germany to strings, thus providing the harpsichord - first mentioned in a manuscript of this year | |
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| c. 1400 |
| | | Guilds of singers and song-writers develop in German towns, calling themselves Meistersinger, or master singers | |
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| 1471 |
| | | The new pope, Sixtus IV, secures his name in history, establishing the Sistine chapel and the Sistine choir | |
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| 1597 |
| | | Dafne is performed in Florence, becoming the first example of a new art form - opera | |
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| 1600 |
| | | A performance in the Oratory in Rome, with music by Emilio de' Cavalieri, is in effect the first oratorio | |
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| 1607 |
| | | Claudio Monteverdi presents Orfeo, the first opera to win a lasting place in the international repertory | |
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| 1637 |
| | | The first public opera house, the Teatro San Cassiano, opens in Venice | |
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